Geoscience
Branches of geoscience
Geoscience has many sub-branches. Some of these include:
- Astrogeology: the study of the geology of other planets and extraterrestrial materials.
- Economic geology: the study of ore deposits.
- Engineering geology: the study of the geological characteristics of sites where engineering operations are going to be carried out.
- Environmental geology: the study of how geological processes affect the environment.
- Exploration geology: the search for new mineral deposits.
- Petroleum geology and Coal geology: the study of ancient organic deposits (fossil fuels).
- Geochemistry: the study of the chemistry of the Earth.
- Geochronology: the study of dating geological events.
- Gemmology: the study of gemstones.
- Geological Heritage: the study of conservation of geologically important sites.
- Geomorphology: the study of landforms.
- Geophysics: the study of the physical properties of the Earth.
- Hydrogeology: the study of the movement of water through the Earth.
- Mineralogy: the study of minerals.
- Mining geology: the study of the geology of a mine site.
- Oceanography: the study of the Earth's oceans.
- Palaeobotany: the study of ancient plant life.
- Palaeoclimatology: the study of ancient climates.
- Palaeoecology: the study of ancient environments.
- Palaeogeography: the study of ancient landforms.
- Palaeomagnetism: the study of past magnetic fields of the Earth.
- Palaeontology: the study of ancient life forms.
- Palynology: the study of ancient spores and pollens.
- Petrology: the study of rocks (igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary)
- Seismology: the study of how waves move through the Earth, including earthquakes.
- Structural geology: the study of geological structures.
- Tectonics: the study of the major structural features of the Earth or the broad structure of a region.
- Volcanology: the study of volcanoes.
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